The Department of Microbiology was founded in 1935 on the basis of Vinnytsia Regional Clinical Hospital named after M. I. Pirogov. The Department of Microbiology was headed by Professor M. V. Revo who organized the educational process and teaching of microbiology as an independent medical discipline.

In 1936, Professor G. P. Kalyna, Doctor of Medical Sciences, was appointed the Head of the Department. For a short period of time the staff of the department under his leadership made a significant contribution to the development of domestic microbiological science, improved and enriched the material base of the department.

In June 1941 Vinnytsia Medical Institute was evacuated to Stavropol. During the Second World War, the property of the department was completely looted, and the educational building of the medical institute was destroyed. In 1945 the restoration of the morphological corps and departments of the Medical Institute was begun. The Department of Microbiology received a room adapted to its needs. The organization of the educational process, scientific activity of the department, providing the necessary equipment was the head of the department of microbiology, PhD, Associate Professor Taisiya Arseniyivna Lobova who, after being transferred from the Dnipropetrovsk Medical Institute by the Ministry of Health of the Ukrainian SSR, began working in January 1946 at the Department of Microbiology. In the difficult post-war period, the material base was practically re-created, the staff of the department was formed. During this period, the teachers E. S. Aberman, P. A. Bernasovsky, F. S. Kaminskaya, E. S. Rubina, C. M Naftulishina, E. A. Ostrovskaya were employees of the bacteriological laboratory of the Vinnytsia Regional SES. In the early 50’s they were replaced by bacteriologist F. Ya. Goldenberg, PhD V. D. Bukhovets, PhD T. Z. Voronin, PhD. Yu. N. Gonchakova, PhD K. V. Tretyak, A. V. Pishel, PhD E. V. Stolyarchuk.

Since 1976, the Department of Microbiology of Vinnytsia National Medical University named after M. I. Pirogov was headed by Professor Gordiy Kindratovych Paliy, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Higher School of Ukraine, winner of the prize named after M. I. Pirogov and others.

During its activity the department has significantly replenished its material base and turned into a well-equipped research and training unit of the medical institute having the latest equipment. New opportunities for scientific activity of employees have opened up. The staff of the department was replenished with new teachers and graduate students.

In 2008 a bacteriological laboratory was established on the basis of the department. In 2012, the certification of the laboratory was carried out, the staff of which is the head of the laboratory Assoc. L. K. Sorokoumova, Assoc. D. M. Divinsky, assistant. О. О. Gonchar.